2.3.28 अपादाने पञ्चमी

Word by word (padaccheda)

Right context saptamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term पञ्चमी prathamā · ekavacana

Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.

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Full reading

पञ्चमी

Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.

Commentary

When the अपादान कारक -- ध्रुवमपायेऽपादानम् 1.4.24, is denoted, the 5th case-affix is used.
Ex. ग्रामादागच्छति 'he comes from the village' 1.4.24; वृकेभ्यो बिभेति 1.4.25, अध्ययनात् पराजयते 1.4.26 &c.

Vart:- The fifth case-affix is employed in denoting the object, when the verbal participle ending in ल्यप् is elided; as प्रासादमारुह्य प्रेक्षते = प्रासादात् प्रेक्षते 'he sees from a palace.'

Vart:- And under similar circumstances in denoting the location the place where an action is performed is put in the ablative case, as, आसने उपविश्य प्रेक्षते = आसनात् प्रेक्षते 'he sees from a seat.'

Vart:- In questions and answers, the fifth case-affix is employed:- कुतो भवान् ? पाटलिपुत्राद् 'whence is your Honor coming? From Pataliputra'

Vart:- That point of time or space from which distance in time or space is measured is put in the ablative case:-as, गवीधूमतः सांकाश्यं चत्वारि योजनानि 'Sankasya is from Gavidhuma four yojanas.' कार्त्तिक्या आग्रहायणी मासे 'Agrahayana is one month from Kartika. The word denoting the distance in time is put in the locative case, as मासे

Vart:- In the above the word denoting the distance in space may be put either in the nominative or locative; as गवीधूमतः सांकाश्यं चत्वारि योजनानि or चतुर्षु योजनेषु ।

Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.