1.4.24
ध्रुवमपायेऽपादानम्
Definition saṃjñā कारकसंज्ञाDefinition saṃjñā अपादानसंज्ञा
A noun whose relation to an action is that of a fixed point from which departure takes place is called अपादान or Ablation.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Term / subject ध्रुवम् prathamā · ekavacanaIn / when अपाये saptamī · ekavacanaTerm / subject prathamā · ekavacana
- Term / subject Prathamā (1st case): the term being defined, or the subject of the statement.
- In / when Saptamī (7th case): "in X" or "when X", a domain or condition.
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Full reading
ध्रुवम् अपाये
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
A noun whose relation to an action is that of a fixed point from which departure takes place is called अपादान or Ablation.
This defines the Ablation or Apadana karaka. Thus ग्रामादागच्छति he comes from the village. पर्वतादवरोहति he descends from the mountain. स्वार्थाद्धीनः lost his object. रथात् पतितः fallen from the chariot. The Apadana takes the 5th case-affix 2.3.28 and the above examples show this. When therefore this relation is to be expressed, 'the fixed point (like grama, purvata &c., in the above) which is the limit denoted by a word dependent on a verb, is called ablation.'
Vart:- The objects of verbs denoting 'aversion,' 'cessation' and 'negligence' are also called ablation. Thus:- अधर्माञ्जुगुप्सते he dislikes injustice; अधर्माद्विरमति he ceases from injustice. धर्मात्प्रमाद्यति he neglects justice.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.