1.4.14
सुप्तिङन्तं पदम्
Definition saṃjñā पदसंज्ञा
Any word ending in a सुप् प्रत्यय or a तिङ् प्रत्यय is called a पद.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Term / subject - - अन्तम् prathamā · ekavacanaTerm / subject prathamā · ekavacana
- Term / subject Prathamā (1st case): the term being defined, or the subject of the statement.
Dotted words are technical terms, dashed ones pratyāhāras (names for classes of sounds or affixes). Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
- - अन्तम्
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
That which ends in सुप् 'case-affix' 4.1.2 or तिङ् 3.4.78 (tense-affix), is called पद or inflected word.
The sup or case-affixes are those by which nouns are declined; and tin are tense-affixes by which verbs are conjugated. They have already been given before. Thus ब्राह्मण + जस् = ब्राह्मणाः the Brahmanas पचन्ति they cook.
It might be asked by a caviller why the word अन्त has been used in the aphorism, for by the rule of tadanta given in Sutra 1.1.72 a rule relating to sup will mean and include also that which ended with a sup-affix. To this we reply, that the very fact that the word anta is used in this sutra, indicates by implication (jnapaka) that the Tadanta rule of Sutra 72 Chapter I does not apply to rules of sanjna (definition) made with regard to affixes. Thus tarap and tamap affixes are called gha by Sutra 1.1.22. The tadanta-vidhi will not apply here; words ending with these affixes will not be called gha. Thus ब्राह्मणितरा will not be called gha, for had it been so called, the long ई will be shortened in गौरी ब्राह्मणितरा. In short, 'an affix when employed in a rule which teaches the meaning of a technical term (sanjna) does not denote a word-form ending with the affix.'
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.