1.3.28
आङो यमहनः
Operational rule vidhi
When the उपसर्ग 'आङ्' is attached to verbs यम् / हन् , they get the प्रत्ययाः of आत्मनेपद ; provided that the verbs are used in an अकर्मक sense.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context आङः pañcamī · ekavacanaLeft context यम- हनः pañcamī · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
आङः यम-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
After the verb यम् 'to stop' and हन् 'to injure', when used intransitively and preceded by अन् , the आत्मनेपद affix is used.
The word intransitive of sutra 1.3.26 is understood here also. Both these verbs are generally parasmaipadi. When they take the affix आ they become atmanepadi. Yam belongs to Bhvadi class; and han to Adadi class. Thus आ + यम् + शप् + ते = आ + यच्छ + अते 7.3.77 इषुगमियमां छः) 'chh is the substitute of the finals of ish, gam and yam, when an affix having an indicatory श् follows) = आयच्छते 'it spreads.' आयच्छेते and आयच्छन्ते; so also आ + हन् + ते = आ + ह + ते 1.2.4 and 6.4.37 अनुदात्तोपदेशवनतितनोत्यादीनामनुनासिकलोपो झलिक्ङिति = आहते, 'he strikes.' आ = हन् + आते = आ + हन् + आते 1.2.4 and 6.4.98 सार्वधातुकमपित् गमहनजनखनघसां लोपः क्ङि त्यनङि) = आघ्नाते 7.3.54, (हो हन्तेण्ञिन्नेषु) Pl. आघ्नते.
Not so when these verbs are used in the transitive, as आयच्छति कूपाद्रज्जुम् 'he draws up the rope from the well,' आहन्ति वृषलं पादेन 'they kill the sinner with the foot.'
Vart:- When the object is some member of the agent's own body these verbs take the Atmanepada terminations though transitive. As आयच्छते पाणिम् 'he puts forth his own hand.' आहते शिरं 'he hurts his own head.' When the object is some limb of another's body, the terminations are of the Parasmaipada_, as आहन्ति शिरः परकीयं 'they hurt others' head.'
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.