1.3.29
समो गम्यृच्छिप्रच्छिस्वरत्यर्तिश्रुविदिभ्यः
Operational rule vidhi
When the उपसर्ग 'सम्' is attached to any of the verbs - गम्, ऋच्छ्, प्रच्छ्, स्वर्, ऋ, श्रु, विद् - they get the प्रत्ययाः of आत्मनेपद ; provided that the verbs are used in an अकर्मक sense.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context समः pañcamī · ekavacanaLeft context गमि- ऋच्छि- प्रच्छि- स्वरति- अर्ति- श्रु- विदिभ्यः pañcamī · bahuvacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
समः गमि-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
After the verbs गम् 'to go', ऋच्छ् 'to become hard', प्रच्छ् 'to ask', स्वर् 'to find fault', ऋ 'to go', श्रु 'to hear' and विद् 'to know', when used intransitively and preceded by सम् , the आत्मनेपद affix is used.
The above seven verbs when preceded by the preposition सम् and used in the intransitive, take the terminations of the Atmanepada. As संगच्छते 7.3.77 'he joins,' समृच्छते 'he becomes hard or goes.' संपृच्छते 'he asks,' संस्वरते 'he blames,' समरन्त 'they are attained.' In the case of this last verb which belongs both to Bhvadi and Juhutyadi classes it is Atmanepadi only in the Aorist. As सम् + ऋ + अङ् + त 3.1.56 सर्तिशास्त्यर्त्तिभ्यश्च) = समृत, as मा समृत 6.4.75 बहुलंछन्दस्यमाङ्योगेऽपि) सम् + ऋ + अङ् + अन्त = समरन्त 7.4.16 ऋदृशौऽङिगुणः). This occurs generally in the Vedas. The verb विद् must have the meaning of 'to know,' and not that of 'to acquire.' संशृणुते 'he hears,' संवित्ते 'he knows.'
Vart:- The root दृश् (to see) after the preposition सम् when used intransitively takes the terminations of the Atmanepada as संपश्यते 'he sees.' But when transitive, it takes Parasmaipada terminations as ग्रामम् संपश्यति 'he sees the town.'
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.