7.3.23
दीर्घाच्च वरुणस्य
Operational rule vidhi
Before a तद्धित affix having an indicatory ञ् , ण् or क् in a द्वन्द समास of god-names, the वृद्धि is not substituted for the first vowel of वरुण when a long vowel precedes it.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context pañcamī · ekavacanaIndeclinable च avyayaTarget वरुणस्य ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
Dotted words are technical terms, dashed ones pratyāhāras (names for classes of sounds or affixes). Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
च वरुणस्य
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
Before a तद्धित affix having an indicatory ञ् , ण् or क् in a द्वन्द समास of god-names, the वृद्धि is not substituted for the first vowel of वरुण when a long vowel precedes it.
As ऐन्द्रावरुणम्, मेत्रावरुणम् from इन्द्रवरुणौ &c. 6.3.26. But आग्निवारुणीम् in आग्निवारुणीमनड्वाहीमालभेत् when a short vowel precedes it. This word is derived from the compound word अग्नीवरुणौ the इ of अग्नि being lengthened by 6.3.27. But in forming a Taddhita- derivative from this word, the long ई is shortened by 6.3.28, and therefore, it cannot be said that a long vowel precedes वरुण ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.