6.4.156
स्थूलदूरयुवह्रस्वक्षिप्रक्षुद्राणां यणादिपरं पूर्वस्य च गुणः
Operational rule vidhi
Before the affixes 1. इष्ठ 2. इमन् and 3. ईयस् the last semi-vowel is elided with that which follows it and for the first vowel, a गुण is substituted in 1. स्थूल 2. दूर 3. युवन् 4. ह्रस्व 5. क्षिप्र and 6. क्षुद्र.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Target स्थूल- दूर- - - क्षिप्र- क्षुद्राणाम् ṣaṣṭhī · bahuvacanaSubstitute / term यणादिपरम् prathamā · ekavacanaTarget पूर्वस्य ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaIndeclinable च avyayaSubstitute / term prathamā · ekavacana
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
स्थूल-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
स्थूल-
Replace sthūla-dūra-yuva-hrasva-kṣipra-kṣudrāṇām pūrvasya with yaṇādiparam guṇaḥ. Inherited words (anuvṛtti) may add further conditions.
Commentary
Before the affixes 1. इष्ठ 2. इमन् and 3. ईयस् the last semi-vowel is elided with that which follows it and for the first vowel, a गुण is substituted in 1. स्थूल 2. दूर 3. युवन् 4. ह्रस्व 5. क्षिप्र and 6. क्षुद्र।
That is ल, र, वन्, व, र, and र are elided. Thus स्थविष्ठः, स्थवीयान्; दविष्ठः दवीयान्; यविष्ठ, यवीयान्; ह्रसिष्ठः, ह्रसीयान्, ह्रसिमा; क्षेपिष्ठः, क्षपीयान्, क्षेपिमा ॥ The words ह्रस्व, क्षिप्र, and क्षुद्र are read in Prithvadi class and take 'iman' affix 5.1.122. क्षोदिष्ठः, क्षोदायान्, क्षोदिमा ॥ Why do we say परं in यणादिपरं i.e. 'the last semi vowel'? The first semi-vowel of युवन् and ह्रस्व i.e. य of यु and र of ह्र should not be elided. The word पूर्व is employed for the sake of distinctness.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.