6.4.144
नस्तद्धिते
Operational rule vidhi
The टिसंज्ञक of a नकारान्त भसंज्ञक अङ्ग is removed when followed by a तद्धितप्रत्यय.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Target नः ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaRight context saptamī · ekavacana
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
नः
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
Of the भ अङ्ग (stem) the final न् with the vowel that precedes it, is elided before a तद्धित affix.
Thus आग्निशर्म्मिः, औडुलोमिः, सारलोमिः from अग्निशर्मन्, उडुलोमन्, and सरलोमन् with the Taddhita affix इञ् 4.1.96. Why do we say 'ending in म्'? Observe सात्वतः ॥ Why 'before a Taddhita affix'? Observe शर्मणा, शर्मणे ॥
Vart:- The final न् with the vowel that precedes it, is dropped before a Taddhita in the following : 1. सब्रह्मचारिन् - साब्रह्मचाराः 4.3.120, 2. पीठसर्पिन् - पैठसर्पाः 4.3.120, 3. कलापिन् - कालापाः 4.3.108 and 4.2.59, 4. कुथुमिन् - कौथुमाः 4.3.101, 5. तैतिलिन् - तैतिलाः 4.3.116, 6. जाजलिन् -जाजलाः 4.2.59, 7. लाङ्गलिन् — लाङ्गलाः, 8. शिलालिन् - शैलालाः, 9. शिखण्डिन् - शैखण्डाः, 10. सुकरसद्मन् - सौकर सद्माः, 11. सुपर्वन् - सौपर्वाः ॥ In the above those which end in इन्, elide the इन् in spite of 6.4.164, and those in अन् contradict 6.4.167.
Vart:- अश्मन् loses its अन् before a Taddhita affix meaning 'prepared there with' : as, आश्मः, otherwise आश्मनः ॥
Vart:- Of चर्मन्, the अन् is elided when meaning 'a sheath or purse': as, चार्म कोशः 4.3.134, otherwise चार्मणः ॥
Vart:- The अन् of श्वन् is elided when the sense is 'to contract', as शौवः संकोचः 4.3.120, otherwise शौवनः ॥
Vart:- The Indeclinables like सायंप्रातिकः &c are formed by the टि elision : as सायंप्रातिकः, पौनः पुनिकः, बाह्यः, कौतस्कुतः (formed by ठञ् 4.3.11). But not before the affixes व्यु and व्युल्, as आरातीयः, शाश्वतिकः ॥ Panini himself has shown the exception, in the case of श्वाश्वतिक, by using it in 2.4.9. So also शाश्वतम् ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.