6.2.65

सप्तमीहारिणौ धर्म्येऽहरणे

Operational rule vidhi

If the first member of a compound is in the Locative -7th case or denoting the name of the Receiver of Tax, has acutely accented (उदात्त) first syllable, when the second member is a word denoting 'what is lawful', but not when it is हरण.

Word by word (padaccheda)

Substitute / term सप्तमी- हारिणौ prathamā · dvivacanaRight context धर्म्ये saptamī · ekavacanaRight context अहरणे saptamī · ekavacana
  • Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
  • Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").

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Full reading

सप्तमी-हारिणौ धर्म्ये अहरणे

Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.

Commentary

If the first member of a compound is in the Locative -7th case or denoting the name of the Receiver of Tax, has acutely accented (उदात्त) first syllable, when the second member is a word denoting 'what is lawful', but not when it is हरण।
The word हारिण् means 'appropriates the dues or taxes': and धर्म्यम् means 'the due or tax which has been determined by the custom or usage, of the country, town, sect or family, that which one is lawfully entitled to get'. The word धर्म्य is formed by यत् under 4.4.91 and 4.4.92 and has the sense of both. Of Locative words we have the following examples : - स्तु꣡पे-शाणः मु꣡कुटे- कार्षापणम्, ह꣡ले-द्विपदिका, ह꣡ले-त्रिपदिका, दृ꣡षदि-माषकः ॥ These compounds are formed under 2.1.44, and the sign of the Locative is not elided by 6.3.9 and 6.3.10. With the name of a due-receiver हारी we have the following :- या꣡ज्ञिकाश्वः 'the horse which is the customary due of the sacrificer'. So also वै꣡याकरणहस्ती, मा꣡तुलाश्वः, पि꣡तृव्यगवः ॥ In some places the established usage is to give a शाण coin in every sacred Tope &c, or to give a horse to a sacrificer &c. Why do we say 'what is lawful'? Observe स्तम्बेरमः꣡, कर्मकर वर्द्धितकः꣡ वर्द्धितको नाम मूले स्थूलोग्रे सूक्ष्म ओदन पिण्डः, स कर्मकराय दीयते, अन्यथा कर्म न कुर्यादिति, न त्वयं धर्मः ॥ Why do we say "but not before हरण"? Observe वाडवहरण꣡म् ' that which is given to a mare'. हरण is that customary food which is given to a mare after she has been covored, in order to strengthen her. The word हरण is a Krit-formed word, its exclusion here indicates that other Krit-formed words however are governed by this rule when preceded by a हारी denoting word; and thus this sutra supersedes the Krit accent enjoined by 6.2.139, so far. Thus वाडवहार्यः has acute on the first by this rule, the subsequent 6.2.139 not applying.

Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.

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