6.2.48
तृतीया कर्मणि
Operational rule vidhi
A word ending in the Instrumental -3rd case retains its accent before the Past Participle in क्त when it has a Passive meaning.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Substitute / term तृतीया prathamā · ekavacanaRight context कर्मणि saptamī · ekavacana
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
Full reading
तृतीया कर्मणि
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
A word ending in the Instrumental -3rd case retains its accent before the Past Participle in क्त when it has a Passive meaning.
Thus अ꣡हिहतः or अहि꣡ हतः रुद्र꣡हतः, व꣡ज्रहतः, महाराज꣡हतः, नख꣡निर्भिन्ना, दा꣡त्रलूना ॥ The word 'ahi' is derived from हन् with the proposition आ which is shortened, and the affix इण् (Unadi IV. 138), and has acute on the final, according to others the acute is on the first: Rudra is formed by रक् affix (Unadi II.22) added to the causative रोदि; Maharaja is formed by the Samasanta affix टच्; nakha is formed by ख affix added to नह् (Unadi V. 23) or it may be a Bahuvrihi नास्य खमस्ति = नखः, formed by अच् 5.4.121, and has acute on the final : Datra is formed by ष्ट्रन् 3.2.182. Why do we say when having a Passive signification? Observe रथेन यातः = रथयातः, the 'kta' is added to a verb of motion with an Active significance.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.