6.2.193 प्रतेरंश्वादयस्तत्पुरुषे

Word by word (padaccheda)

Left context प्रतेः pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term अंश्वादयः prathamā · bahuvacanaRight context saptamī · ekavacana

Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").

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Full reading

प्रतेः अंश्वादयः

Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.

Commentary

In a तत्-पुरुष समास the words अंशु etc. have acute accent (उदात्त) on the final when preceded by प्रति।
Thus प्रत्यंशुः꣡, प्रतिजनः꣡, प्रतिराजा꣡ ॥ In the case of राजन् this rule applies when the Samasanta affix टच् is not added, when that affix is added, the acute will also be on the final by virtue of टच् which is a चित् affix.

1 अंशु, 2 जन, 3 राजन्, 4 उष्ट्र, 5 खेटक (रोटक), 6 अजिर, 7 आर्द्रा, 8 श्रवण, 9 कृत्तिका, 10 अर्ध, 11 पुर (आर्धपुर आर्धपुरः) ॥

The word अंशु is formed by the affix कु under the general class मृगवुः (Unadi I.37), राजन् is formed by the affix कनिन् (Unadi I.156), उष्ट्र by adding ष्ट्रन् to उष् 'to burn'. (Unadi IV. 162), खिट् + ण्वुल् = खेटक; अजिर is formed by किरच् (Unadi I.53) आ + द्रा + अङ् 3.3.106, with the augment रक् added to आ = आर्द्रा ॥ शृ + ल्युट् = श्रवण, कृत + तिकन् = कृत्तिका (Unadi III.147) ऋध् + अच् 3.1.134 = अर्द्ध; पुर् + क = पुर ॥

Why do we say 'in the Tatpurusha'? Observe प्रतिगता अंशवोऽस्य = प्रत्यंशुरयमुष्ट्रः ॥

Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.