3.1.134
नन्दिग्रहिपचादिभ्यो ल्युणिन्यचः
Operational rule vidhi
After the verbs classed as नन्द 'to be happy', ग्रह 'to take' and पच् 'to cook' there are the affixes ल्यु (अन), णिनि (इन्) and अच (अ) respectively.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context नन्दि- ग्रहि- पचादिभ्यः pañcamī · bahuvacanaSubstitute / term यु - इ - अ अः prathamā · bahuvacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Pink letters are it-markers (anubandhas), tags dropped by 1.3.9. Hover or tap one for the rule that marks it, or try the it-letter finder.
Full reading
नन्दि- ग्रहि- पचादिभ्यः ल्यु- णिनि- अचः
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
After the verbs classed as नन्द 'to be happy', ग्रह 'to take' and पच् 'to cook' there are the affixes ल्यु (अन), णिनि (इन्) and अच (अ) respectively.
The word adi meaning etcetra, is to be joined with every one of the above three words. These three affixes come respectively after the verbs of the above three classes. Thus after the verbs of नन्द class, comes the affix ल्यु; after the verbs of ग्रह class, comes the affix णिनि; after the verbs of पच् class, comes the affix अच्.
The नन्दादि verbs will not be found in one place in the Dhatupatha. The list of the words formed by these affixes have, however, been collected in the Ganapatha. Thus नन्द् + ल्यु = नन्द् + यु (I 3.8) = नन्द् + अन (VI.I.I) = नन्दन nom. sing. नन्दनः 'son' (lit. what gladdens). So also from the following causative roots, nouns are formed, meaning names :- वासि - वासनः or वाशनः; मदि - मदनः; दूषि - दूषणः (or भूषणः); साधि - साधनः; वर्धि - वर्धनः; शोभि - शोभनः and रोचि - रोचनः.
The following derivatives are names :- सहि - सहनः; तपि - तपनः; दमि — दमनः
So also the following words :- जल्पनः, रमणः, दर्पणः, सङ्क्रन्दनः, सङ्कर्षणः, संहर्षणः, जनार्दनः, यवनः, पवनः, मधुसूदनः, विभीषणः, लवणः (the ण in लवण is irregular), चित्तविनाशनः, कुलदमनः and शत्रुदमनः.
The ग्रहादि verbs are also nowhere enumerated in a group. The following are, however, those verbs :- ग्रह् - ग्रहिन् nom. ग्राही; उत्सह - उत्साहिन् nom. उत्साही; उद्दस् - उद्दासिन्; उद्भास् - उद्भासिन्; स्था - स्थायिन्; मन्त्र - मन्त्रिन्; सम्मर्द — सम्मर्दिन्. So also the verbs - रक्ष, श्रु, वस्, वप् and शा preceded by नि; as, निरक्षिन्, निश्राविन्, निवासिन्, निवापिन्, निशायिन्. The verbs याचि, व्याहृ, संव्याहृ, व्रज, वद and वस take णिन् when preceded by the negative particle; as, अयाचिन्, अव्याहारिन्, असंव्याहारिन्, अव्राजिन्, अवादिन् and अवासिन्. So also after verbs ending in a vowel when agents are non-conscious beings : as, अकारिन्, अहारिन्. So also, अविनायिन्, अविशायिन्, विशयिन्, विषयिन् (meaning a place) विशायिन् and विषायिन्, अभिभाविन् अपराधिम्, उपरोधिन्, परिभविन् and परिभाविन् ।
The following are पचादि words :- पच, वच, वप, वद, चल, तप, पत नदट्, भषट्, वस् गरत् प्लवट्, तरट्, चीरट्, माहट्, जर, मर, क्षर, क्षम, सूदट्, देवट्, मोरट् सेव, मेष, क्रोध, व्रण, दंश, दश, दम्भ, जारभर, श्वपच, मेघ, कीष, क्षप, मद, रज, दीषट्, चरट् ।
The ट् in नदट् &c., shows that the feminine of these is formed by long ई 4.1.15. The पचादि class is an आकृतिगणः ।
अज्विधिः सर्वधातुभ्यः पठ्यन्ते च पचादयः ।
अण् बाधनार्थमेवं स्यात् सिध्यन्ति श्वपचादयः ॥
In fact the affix अच् comes after all verbs, and is not exclusively confined to the verbs above enumerated. The affix अव्, therefore, debars अण् and may be taken to be the universal affix, and by its help the forms like
श्वपच &c. may be explained.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.