6.2.177
उपसर्गात् स्वाङ्गं ध्रुवमपर्शु
Operational rule vidhi
A word denoting a part of the body which is constant (and indispensable) with the exception of पर्शु has after a preposition in a बहुव्रीहि समास the acute accent (उदात्त) on the last syllable.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term स्वाङ्गम् prathamā · ekavacanaSubstitute / term ध्रुवम् prathamā · ekavacanaSubstitute / term अपर्शु prathamā · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
स्वाङ्गम् ध्रुवम् अपर्शु
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
A word denoting a part of the body which is constant (and indispensable) with the exception of पर्शु has after a preposition in a बहुव्रीहि समास the acute accent (उदात्त) on the last syllable.
Thus प्रपृष्ठः꣡, प्रोदरः꣡, प्रललाटः꣡; सततं यस्य प्रगतं पृष्ठं भवति स प्रपृष्ठः ॥ Why do we say 'after a Preposition'? Observe दर्शनीयललाटः ॥ Why do we say 'part of the body'? Observe प्रशाखो वृक्षः ॥ Why do we say 'dhruva-constant and indispensable'? Observe उद्बाहुः क्रोशति ॥ Here the hand is raised up only at the time of cursing and not always, so the state of उद्बाहु is temporary and not permanent. Why do we say with the exception of पर्शु? Observe उ꣡त्पर्शुः, विप꣡र्शुः 6.2.1.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.