4.4.62
छत्रादिभ्यो णः
Operational rule vidhi
The affix ण comes in the sense of 'whose habit is this' after the words छत्र etc.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context छत्र- आदिभ्यः pañcamī · bahuvacanaSubstitute / term ः prathamā · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
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Full reading
छत्र-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix ण comes in the sense of 'whose habit is this' after the words छत्र etc.
This debars ठक् ॥ Thus छत्रं शीलमस्य = छात्रः 'a pupil', lit. 'whose habit is to cover (chhadan) the defects of his master'. The word स्था occurs in the list. It must always be prefixed by some upasarga; thus आस्था, संस्था, अवस्था &c.
According to Patanjali छात्र means 'a pupil, because, गुरुश्छत्रवत् गुरुणा शिष्यश्छत्रवत् छाद्यः "a preceptor is like an Umbrella, the preceptor covers or protects the pupil like an umbrella". Or शिष्येण च गुरुश्छत्रवत् परिपाल्यः 'a pupil ought to maintain or protect his Preceptor, as an Umbrella'.
1 छत्र, 2 शिक्षा 3 प्ररोह (पुरोह), 4 स्था (आस्था, संस्था, अवस्था), 5 बुभुक्षा, 6 चुरा, 7 तितिक्षा, 8 उपस्थान, 9 कृषि (ऋषि), 10 कर्मन्, 11 विश्वधा, 12 तपस्, 13 सत्य, 14 अनृत, 15 विशिखा, 16 विशिका (शिबिका), 17 भक्षा, 18 उदस्थान, 19 पुरोडा, 20 विक्षा 21 चुक्षा, 22 मन्द्र.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.