4.4.1 प्राग्वहतेष्ठक्

Word by word (padaccheda)

Indeclinable प्राक् avyayaFrom / after वहतेः pañcamī · ekavacanaTerm / subject prathamā · ekavacana

Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
From / after Pañcamī (5th case): "from X" or "after X"; in headings, often the limit of their scope.
Term / subject Prathamā (1st case): the term being defined, or the subject of the statement.

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Full reading

प्राक् वहतेः ठक्

Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.

Commentary

The affix ठक् comes as a governing affix in the senses enumerated hereafter up to sūtra 4.4.76.
This is an adhikara sutra. The affix ठक् bears rule from this one forward to the sutra तद्वहति &c. Thus in the next sutra it is said; "After a word in the third case in construction", in the sense of "who plays, digs, conquers, or is conquered." Now this sutra is incomplete. We must read the word ठक् into it. Thus अक्षै र्दीव्यति = आक्षिकः "who plays with aksha--a dicer." अक्ष + ठक् = आक्षिकः 7.3.50.

Vart:- After the words माशब्द &c, the affix 'thak' comes in the sense 'he said that.' Thus माशब्द इत्याह = माशब्दिकः who says 'don't make noise,' कार्यशब्दिकः ॥ This is the case of an affix added to a sentence.

Vart:- So also after प्रभूत &c in the sense 'he said': as प्रभूतमाह = प्राभूतिकः, पार्याप्तिकः ॥ These are examples of affixes added to an adverb.

Vart:- So also after सुस्नात &c in the sense 'he asks,' as, सुस्नातं पृच्छति = सौस्नातिकः "Who asks, have you bathed well". सौखराजिकः, सौखशायनिकः ॥

Vart:- So also after परदारा &c in the sense of 'he goes to, or commits adultery with': as परदारान् गच्छति = पारदारिकः, गौरुतल्पिकः ॥ The word तल्प here refers to "wife".

Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.