4.4.46
संज्ञायां ललाटकुक्कुट्यौ पश्यति
Operational rule vidhi
The affix ठक् comes in the sense of 'who sees that' after the words 1. ललाट and 2. कुक्कुटी in the Accusative -2nd case in construction, the whole word being a Name.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context संज्ञायाम् saptamī · ekavacanaObject ललाट- कुक्कुट्यौ dvitīyā · dvivacanaVerb पश्यति tiṅanta
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Object Dvitīyā (2nd case).
- Verb A finite verb form (tiṅanta).
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Full reading
संज्ञायाम् ललाट-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix ठक् comes in the sense of 'who sees that' after the words 1. ललाट and 2. कुक्कुटी in the Accusative -2nd case in construction, the whole word being a Name.
Thus ललाटं पश्यति = लालाटिकः 'a non-attentive servant' lit. 'who alway looks at the fore-head of his master from a distance, keeps himself aloof, does not come near to perform any work.' So also कौक्कुटिकः 'a religious mendicant, a Bhikshu.' The space of ground over which a hen can fly without falling, is to be understood here by the word कुक्कुटी ॥ In other words, a small space of ground, for hens cannot sustain their flight for a long distance. Therefore, owing to the smallness of space, the mendicant walks looking down over the ground, and hence he is called कौक्कुटिकः ॥ The word also means 'a hypocrite with down-cast eyes.'
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.