4.2.138
गहादिभ्यश्च
Operational rule vidhi
The affix छ comes in the remaining senses after the words गह etc.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context गह- आदिभ्यः pañcamī · bahuvacanaIndeclinable च avyaya
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
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Full reading
गह-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix छ comes in the remaining senses after the words गह etc.
This debars अण् &c. Thus गहीयः, 'belonging to a cave'. अन्तःस्थीयः &c.
In the list of गहादि occurs the following "मध्यमध्यमं चाण् चरणे". It means "The word मध्य becomes changed into मध्यम when the affix छ is to be added. Thus मध्यमीयाः ॥ But when the sense is that of a Veda-school or Charana, the affix अण् is added instead of छ as माध्यमाः" ॥ The word मध्यम here has the restricted sense of 'the middle of the earth', and not any middle generally. Thus मध्यमीयः means पृथिवीमध्ये भवो ॥ So also when the affix अण् is applied in the case of चरण, it has the sense of निवास of sutra 4.3.89 and not all the other senses. Thus त्रयः प्राच्याः, त्रय औद्च्याः, त्रयो माध्यमाः "three Charanas dwell in the East, three in the West, and three in the Middle". The words मुखतस् and पार्श्वतः occur in the list. They have the affix तस्, but before the affix छ the स् of तस् is elided. Thus मुखतीयम् and पार्श्वतीयम् ॥
The augment कुक् is added to जन and पर before the affix छ ॥ As जनकीयम्, परकीयम् ॥ The same augment is added to the word देव also as, देवकीयम् ॥
The affix छण् comes after the words वेणु &c. No list of such words is given. It is an आकृतिगणः ॥ Thus वैणकीयम्, वैत्रकीयम्, अत्तरपदकीयम्, प्रास्थकीयम्, माध्यमकीयम् ॥ &c.
1 गह, 2 अन्तःस्थ, 3 सम, 4 विषम, 5 मध्यमध्यमं चाण् चरणे, 6 उत्तम, 7 अङ्ग, 8 वङ्ग, 9 मगध, 10 पूर्वपक्ष, 11 अपरपक्ष, 12 अधमशाख 13 उत्तमशाख,14 एकशाख, 15 समानशाख, 16 समानग्राम, 17 एकग्राम, 18 एकवृक्ष, 19 एकपलाश, 20 इष्वग्र, 21 इष्वनीक (इष्वनी) 22 अवस्यन्दन (अवस्यन्दी and अवस्कन्द) 23 कामप्रस्थ, 24 खाडायन (शाडिकाडायनि; खाडायनि and खाण्डायनी) 25 काठेरणि (कावेरणि and कामवेरणि) 26 लावेरणि, 27 सौमित्रि, 28 शैशिरि, 29 आसुत्, 30 दैवशर्मि (देवशर्मन् ) 31 औति, 32 आर्हिसि, 33 आमित्रि, 34 व्याडि, 35 बैजि (वैदजि), 36 आध्यश्वि, 37 आनृशंशि, 38 शौङ्गि, 39 आग्निशर्मि, (अग्निशर्मन्) 40 भौजि, 41 वाराटकि (आराटकि), 42 वाल्मीकि, 43 क्षैमवृद्धि (क्षेमवृद्धिन्) 44 आश्वत्थि, 45 औद्ग्राहमानि, 46 ऐक, 47 बिन्दवि, 48 दन्ताग्र, 49 हंस, 50 तन्त्वग्र, 51 उत्तर, 52 अनन्तर (अन्तर) 53 मुखपार्श्वतसोर्लोपः (also मुखतीय and पार्श्वतीय), 54 जनपरयोः कुक् च (also जनकीय and परकीय), 55 देवस्य च, 56 वेणुकादिभ्यश्छण्, 57 आसुरि, 58 सौवि, 59 पारकि. It is an आकृतिगण ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.