4.3.69
अध्यायेष्वेवर्षेः
Operational rule vidhi
The affix ठञ् comes after the name of an explainable work called after a ऋषि in the senses of 'occurring therein' or 'commentary thereon' when it refers to an अध्याय only.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context अध्यायेषु saptamī · bahuvacanaIndeclinable एव avyayaLeft context ऋषेः pañcamī · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
अध्यायेषु एव ऋषेः
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix ठञ् comes after the name of an explainable work called after a ऋषि in the senses of 'occurring therein' or 'commentary thereon' when it refers to an अध्याय only.
The word ऋषि is the name of प्रवर and those Rishis are only meant whose names are in the Pravara list. The word so formed means always an Adhyaya or Chapter of the work. The phrase व्याख्यातव्यनाम्नः is understood in this sutra, hence the word ऋषि means "a work the author of which is a Rishi".
Thus वसिष्ठस्य व्याख्यानस्तत्र भवो वा = वासिष्ठिकोऽध्यायः "Vasishthika- a chapter containing commentary on Vashishtha". वैश्वामित्रिकः 'a chapter of commentary on Visvamitra'.
Why do we say meaning 'chapter'? Observe वासिष्ठिकी ऋक् ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.