4.3.66
तस्य व्याख्यान इति च व्याख्यातव्यनाम्नः
Operational rule vidhi
After the name of a subject of commentary an affix comes in the sense of 'its commentary', as well as in the sense of 'what occurs there'.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Target तस्य ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaRight context व्याख्याने saptamī · ekavacanaIndeclinable avyayaIndeclinable च avyayaLeft context व्याख्यातव्य- नाम्नः pañcamī · ekavacana
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
तस्य व्याख्याने च व्याख्यातव्य-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
After the name of a subject of commentary an affix comes in the sense of 'its commentary', as well as in the sense of 'what occurs there'.
That by which a thing is explained is called व्याख्यान or 'commentary'. The name of a thing explainable is called व्याख्यातव्यनाम ॥ After such a name, being in the 6th case in construction, the affix is added. The affix means तस्यव्याख्यानं as well as तत्रभव, the latter being read into the sutra by virtue of च ॥
Thus सुपां व्याख्यानः = सौपो ग्रन्थः 'Saupa, a book on the explanation of case-affixes'. So also 'Tainga-- a Commentary on Verbal affixes' कार्तः 'Karta-- a Commentary on krit affixes'. सौप &c. may also mean सुप्सु भवं &c.
Why do we say व्याख्यातव्यनाम्नः 'after the name of the thing explainable'? The thing to be explained must be a Book, therefore, the affix will not apply to the name of a city &c. For example, if a model be made to describe the city of Pataliputra, such a model will not be named after Pataliputra by the addition of affix. Thus सुकोशला is a modal giving a description of Pataliputra. This will not be called Pataliputram.
The anuvritti of भव and व्याख्यान runs simultaneosly in all the subsequent apavada sutras, and hence we have read the anuvritti of भव into this sutra also.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.