4.2.23
विभाषा फाल्गुनीश्रवणाकार्त्तिकीचैत्रीभ्यः
Operational rule vidhi
The words फाल्गुनी, श्रवणा, कार्त्तिकी and चैत्री optionally get the प्रत्यय ठक् in the meaning of 'सा अस्मिन् पौर्णमासी इति संज्ञायाम्'.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Substitute / term prathamā · ekavacanaLeft context फाल्गुनी- श्रवणा- कार्त्तिकी- चैत्रीभ्यः pañcamī · bahuvacana
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
फाल्गुनी-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix ढक् optionally comes after the words 1. फाल्गुनी 2. कार्त्तिकी and 3. चैत्री being the names of full-moon nights, the whole word so formed being a Name denoting a division of time (a month, a fortnight or a year) in which the moon is full.
Thus फाल्गुनः or फाल्गुनिकः, श्रावणः or श्रावणिक, कार्तिकः or कार्तिकिकः, चैत्रः or चैत्रिकः ॥ This optionally ordains ठक् instead of अण् ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.