4.2.2
लाक्षारोचनाशकलकर्दमाट्ठक्
Operational rule vidhi
For the word लाक्षा, रोचना, शकल and कर्दम, ठक्-प्रत्ययः is used to indicate the meaning of 'colored by'.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context लाक्षा- रोचना- शकल- कर्दमात् pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term prathamā · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
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Pink letters are it-markers (anubandhas), tags dropped by 1.3.9. Hover or tap one for the rule that marks it, or try the it-letter finder.
Full reading
लाक्षा-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix ठक् comes, in the sense of coloured thereby after the words 1. लाक्षा 2. रोचना 3. शकल 4. कर्दमा (which being names of colours, are in the Instrumental -3rd case in a sentence).
This debars अण्. Thus लाक्षाया रक्तं वस्त्रं = लाक्षिकम्, so also रौचनिकम्, शाकलिकम् and कार्दमिकम् ॥
According to the opinion of Patanjali, the affix अण् also comes after शकल and कर्दमः । Thus शाकलम् and कार्दमम् ॥ According to Mahabhashya the words शकल and कर्दम do not occur in the sutra, but are given in the Vartika.
Vart:- The affix अन् comes after नीलीः as नील्या रक्तं = नीलं वस्त्रं ॥
Vart:- The affix कन् (1.3. 8) comes after पीत, as पीतेन रक्तं = पीतकम् ॥
Vart:- The affix अञ् comes after हरिद्रा and महाराजन, as हारिद्रम् and माहाराजनम् ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.