4.2.13
कौमारापूर्ववचने
Operational rule vidhi
The word कौमार is irregularly formed by adding the affix अण् when meaning 'virginity'.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Word कौमार Right context अपूर्ववचने saptamī · ekavacana
- Word Case not marked in the source data.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
कौमार अपूर्ववचने
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The word कौमार is irregularly formed by adding the affix अण् when meaning 'virginity'.
Karika
कौमारापूर्ववचने कुमार्या अण्विधीयते ।
अपूर्वत्वं यदा तस्याः कुमार्या भवतीतिवा ॥
Thus कौमारो भर्ता = अपूर्वपतिं कुमारीमुपपन्नः 'the husband of a virgin'. i. e. one whose wife was given to him in marriage while she was a maid (not a widow). So also कौमारी भार्या = कुमारी अपूर्वपतिः पतिमुपपन्ना "a virgin wife" i. e. a wife who is taken in marriage while she was a maid (not a widow). In both these cases the word refers to the woman.
The word कौमार is formed by adding अण् to कुमारी ॥ Thus कुमार्याम् भवः = कौमारः; तस्य स्त्री कौमारी भार्या ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.