4.1.56
न क्रोडादिबह्वचः
Operational rule vidhi
The feminine affix ङीष् does not come after a प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem) which denoting a part of the body, belongs to the class क्रोडा 'the flank' etc., of a horse', nor when the word is a stem of more than two syllables.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Indeclinable न avyayaLeft context क्रोड- आदि- बह्वचः pañcamī · ekavacana
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
न क्रोड-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The feminine affix ङीष् does not come after a प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem) which denoting a part of the body, belongs to the class क्रोडा 'the flank' etc., of a horse', nor when the word is a stem of more than two syllables.
The class क्रोड् &c. is akriti-gana, that is a class of words constituted by usage. The following are some of the examples:- As कल्याणक्रोडा, कल्याणखुरा, कल्याणोखा, कल्याणबाला, कल्याणशफा, कल्याणगुदा, कल्याणघाणा ॥ So also सुभगा, सुगला, &c. Of the case where the word is polysyllabic, the examples are सुजघना, पृथुजघना, महाललाटा, ॥ The word कोडा is feminine itself, and in the Bahuvrihi the feminine sign of the first member is elided by pungvad-bhava, and क्रोडा is shortened to क्रोड because it is an upasarjana (1.2. 48).
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.