4.1.42

जानपदकुण्डगोणस्थलभाजनागकालनीलकुशकामुककबराद्वृत्त्यमत्रावपनाकृत्रिमाश्राणास्थौल्यवर्णानाच्छादनायोविकारमैथुनेच्छाकेशवेशेषु

Operational rule vidhi

The affix ङीष् is used after the 11 words जानपद etc. in the sense of 'profession' etc. 1. जानप् 2. कुण्ड 3. गोण 4. स्थल 5. भाज 6. नाग 7. काल 8. नील 9. कुश् 10. कामुक and 11 कबर ; the affix ङीष् is employed when the sense is that of 1. 'profession or living' 2. 'a bowl' 3. 'a sack or vessel for keeping grain' 4. 'a natural spot of ground' 5. 'a cooked food or rice-gruel' 6. 'stout' 7. 'black-coloured' 8. 'blue-coloured other than cloth' 9. 'a plough-share' 10. 'a libidinous female' 11. 'a fillet or braid of hair', respectively.

Word by word (padaccheda)

Left context जानपद- कुण्ड- गोण- स्थल- भाज- नाग- काल- नील- कुश- कामुक- कबरात् pañcamī · ekavacanaRight context वृत्ति- अमत्र- अवपन- अकृत्रिम- अश्राणा- अस्थौल्य- वर्ण- अनाच्छादन- अयोविकार- मैथुनेच्छा- केशवेशेषु saptamī · bahuvacana
  • Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
  • Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").

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Full reading

जानपद-कुण्ड-गोण-स्थल-भाज-नाग-काल-नील-कुश-कामुक-कबरात् वृत्ति-अमत्र-अवपन-अकृत्रिम-अश्राणा-अस्थौल्य-वर्ण-अनाच्छादन-अयोविकार-मैथुनेच्छा-केशवेशेषु

Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.

Commentary

The affix ङीष् is used after the 11 words जानपद etc. in the sense of 'profession' etc. 1. जानप् 2. कुण्ड 3. गोण 4. स्थल 5. भाज 6. नाग 7. काल 8. नील 9. कुश् 10. कामुक and 11 कबर ; the affix ङीष् is employed when the sense is that of 1. 'profession or living' 2. 'a bowl' 3. 'a sack or vessel for keeping grain' 4. 'a natural spot of ground' 5. 'a cooked food or rice-gruel' 6. 'stout' 7. 'black-coloured' 8. 'blue-coloured other than cloth' 9. 'a plough-share' 10. 'a libidinous female' 11. 'a fillet or braid of hair', respectively.
Thus जानपदी 'a profession', otherwise जानपदी, the difference being in accent only. For this word is formed by adding the affix अञ् to janapada, by sutra 4.1.86, as it belongs to Utsadi class of words: in forming the feminine the affix ङीप् will be added in this latter case, thus throwing the acute accent on the first syllable.

(2) So also कुण्डी 'bowl-shaped vessel', otherwise कुण्डा 'a name of Durga'. (3) गोणी 'a sack' यत्र धान्यादि प्रक्षिप्य नीयते otherwise गोणा, a particular name. (4) स्थली 'a place not prepared by artificial improvement'; otherwise स्थला as स्थलयोदकं परिगृह्णन्ति ॥ (5) भीजा 'cooked', otherwise भाजा, (6) नागा 'a stout woman', otherwise नागा ॥ The word नाग when a guna-vachana word i.e a word expressive of quality, in the sense of 'stoutness', takes the affix nish in the feminine; otherwise टाप् when expressing general qualities. When it is a jati-vachana word it takes ङीप् under all circumstances. (7) काली 'a black-coloured female', otherwise काला 'cruel' (8) नीली 'a blue-coloured animal or indigo' The word अनाच्छादन in the sutra is rather too wide, it should be confined to the two senses above indicated i. e. when it applies to a plant called indigo or to animals'. Such as नालागौः, or नीली वडवा; or when it denotes appellative as नीली ॥ In other cases we have नीला 'a blue-coloured cloth'. (9) कुशी 'a plough share', otherwise कुशा 'a rope or a kind of grass' (10) कामुकी 'a libidinous or lustful woman' otherwise कामुका 'a woman desirous of wealth'. (11) कबरी 'a fillet or braid of hair', otherwise कबरा 'mixed, variegated'.

Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.

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