3.4.82
परस्मैपदानां णलतुसुस्थलथुसणल्वमाः
Operational rule vidhi
In case of the लिट् लकार, the परस्मैपद प्रत्ययाः are respectively converted to - णल्,अतुस्, उस्, थल्, अथुस्, अ, णल्, व, म.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Target ṣaṣṭhī · bahuvacanaSubstitute / term - अतुस्- उस्- थ - अथुस्- अ- - व- माः prathamā · bahuvacana
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
| पुरुष ╲ वचन | एकवचनsingular | द्विवचनdual | बहुवचनplural |
|---|---|---|---|
| प्रथम3rd person | → अ for तिप् | अतु for तस् | उ for झि |
| मध्यम2nd person | थ → थ for सिप् | अथु for थस् | अ for थ |
| उत्तम1st person | → अ for मिप् | व for वस् | म written माः for मस् |
Why it is a table
- 1.3.10 यथासंख्यमनुदेशः समानाम् Two lists of equal length pair up in order (यथासङ्ख्यम्), so the nine substitutes replace the nine parasmaipada endings तिप् … मस् of 3.4.78 one for one.
- 1.4.99 लः परस्मैपदम् परस्मैपदानाम् names the first nine endings of 3.4.78 (लः परस्मैपदम्).
Pink letters are it-markers (anubandhas), tags dropped by 1.3.9. Hover or tap one for the rule that marks it, or try the it-letter finder.
Full reading
णल्-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
→ णल्-
Replace parasmaipadānām with ṇal-atus-us-thal-athus-a-ṇal-va-māḥ. Inherited words (anuvṛtti) may add further conditions.
Commentary
In the room of the परस्मैपद affixes, the following are substituted in the लिट् (Perfect Tense). Singular - णल् (अ), थल् (थ), णल् (अ). Dual - अतुस् (अतुः), अथुस् (अथुः), व (व). Plural - उस् (उः) , अ (अ), म (म).
- 3rd person, nal (अ), atus (अतुः), us (उः)
- 2nd person, thal (थ), atus (अथुः), a (अ),
- 1st person, nal (अ), va (व), ma (म)
The indicatory ल् in णल् and थल् is for the sake of accent 6.1.193. The indicatory ण् is for the sake of causing वृद्धि 7.2.25. Thus पपाच, पेचतुः, पेचुः, पेचिथ or पपक्थ, पेचथुः, पेच, पपाच or पपच, पेचिव पेचिम ।
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.