3.4.43
कर्त्रोर्जीवपुरुषयोर्नशिवहोः
Operational rule vidhi
The affix णमुल् comes after the roots नश् 'to destroy' and वह् 'to carry' when the words जीव 'life' and पुरुष 'person' expressing the agent of these verbs, are respectively in construction with them.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context कर्त्रोः saptamī · dvivacanaRight context जीव- पुरुषयोः saptamī · dvivacanaTarget नशि- वहोः ṣaṣṭhī · dvivacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
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Full reading
कर्त्रोः जीव-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix णमुल् comes after the roots नश् 'to destroy' and वह् 'to carry' when the words जीव 'life' and पुरुष 'person' expressing the agent of these verbs, are respectively in construction with them.
Thus जीवनाशं नश्यति = जीवो नश्यति 'perishes, so that his life perishes i.e. dies away'; पुरुषवाहं वहति 'the man carries, i.e. the man becoming a servant, carries another on him = पुरुषः प्रेष्यो भूत्वा वहन्ति ।
Why do we say 'when denoting an agent'? Observe, जीवेन नष्टः 'destroyed by life'; पुरुषेणोढः 'carried by a man'.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.