3.3.76
हनश्च वधः
Operational rule vidhi
The affix अप् comes after the verb हन् 'to kill' when without an उपसर्ग , in the sense of mere action and वध is the substitute of हन् 'to kill' before this affix.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Target हनः ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaIndeclinable च avyayaSubstitute / term वधः prathamā · ekavacana
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
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Full reading
हनः च वधः
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
हनः → वधः
Replace hanaḥ with vadhaḥ. Inherited words (anuvṛtti) may add further conditions.
Commentary
The affix अप् comes after the verb हन् 'to kill' when without an उपसर्ग , in the sense of mere action and वध is the substitute of हन् 'to kill' before this affix.
Thus वध has udatta accent on its final. The affix अप् which is andatta generally 3.1.4 thus becomes udatta.
As वधश्चोराणाम् 'the killing of thieves'; वधोदस्यूनाम् 'the killing of robbers'.
When action is not denoted, the affix घञ् applies; as घातः 'a blow'.
So also when an upasarga is in composition with it; as प्रघातः, घातः ।
The word च in the aphorism does not connect हन् with the substitute वध, there being no co-ordination, it refers to the affixes under discussion. Thus we have the affix घञ् also; as घातः 'killing'.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.