3.3.30
कॄ धान्ये
Operational rule vidhi
The affix घञ् comes after the verb कॄ when the prepositions उत् and नि are in composition and when the sense of the verb relates to grain.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Word कॄ Right context धान्ये saptamī · ekavacana
- Word Case not marked in the source data.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
कॄ धान्ये
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix घञ् comes after the verb कॄ when the prepositions उत् and नि are in composition and when the sense of the verb relates to grain.
The verb कॄ here means 'to scatter', and not 'to injure', because no words formed by this affix are found in Sanskrit in that sense.
As उत्कारो धान्यस्य 'the winnowing of corn'; निकारो धान्यस्य the winnowing of corn'. But when not referring to grain, we have भैक्षवोत्करः 'a heap of alms', पुष्पनिकरः 'the essence or heap of flowers'.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.