3.3.29
उन्न्योर्ग्रः
Operational rule vidhi
The affix घञ् comes after the root गॄ when the उपसर्ग-s उत् and नि are in composition.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context उन्न्योः saptamī · dvivacanaLeft context ग्रः pañcamī · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
उन्न्योः ग्रः
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix घञ् comes after the root गॄ when the उपसर्ग-s उत् and नि are in composition.
The verb गृ here refers to both the verbs गृ 'to make sound', and गृ 'to swallow'. As उद्गारः समुद्रस्य 'the roaring of the sea'; निगारो देवदत्तस्य 'the swallowing of Devadatta'. But when without these prepositions, we have गरः ।
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.