3.3.21
इङश्च
Operational rule vidhi
The affix घञ् comes after the root इङ् 'to study'.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context इङः pañcamī · ekavacanaIndeclinable च avyaya
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
इङः च
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix घञ् comes after the root इङ् 'to study'.
This debars अच् 3.3.56. As अधि+ इ + घञ् = अधि + ऐ + अ = अध्याय 'a lesson or lecture'; उपाध्यायः (उपेत्यास्मादधीते) 'a teacher'.
Vart:- When the word to be formed is related to the verb इङ् as an ablative, the word is feminine also and optionally takes the affix ङीष्. As उपेत्याधीयतेऽस्या = उपाध्याया or उपाध्यायी 'a female teacher'.
Vart:- The affix घञ् comes after the root शॄ when the word so formed means 'wind', 'color', or 'cessation'. As शारः 'wind', 'green colour' &c. गौरिवाकृतमीशारः प्रायेण सिशिरे कृशः ।
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.