3.3.56
एरच्
Operational rule vidhi
The affix अच् comes after a root ending in इ or ई (when mere action is denoted or when the sense is that of an appellative, the word being related to the verb from which its name is deduced, but not as an agent).
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context एः pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term अ prathamā · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
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Full reading
एः अच्
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix अच् comes after a root ending in इ or ई (when mere action is denoted or when the sense is that of an appellative, the word being related to the verb from which its name is deduced, but not as an agent).
The words within brackets are to be supplied from sutras 18 and 19: and these words are to be supplied in every subsequent sutra as far as sutra 113 of this chapter. This debars घञ्. The च in अच् is qualitative, in sutras like 6.2.144.
Thus, चयः 'collecting'; अयः 'going'; जयः 'victory'; क्षयः 'wasting'.
Vart:- In this connection the words भय &c. should also be enumerated. As भी + अच् = भयम् 'fear'; वर्षम् 'rain'. These being neuter words, otherwise would have taken the affix क्त &c. but for this Vartika.
Vart:- The words जव and सव are formed by this affix, and occur in the Vedas. As ऊर्वोरस्तु मे जयः, पञ्चोदनसवः । These roots जु and सु would have otherwise taken the affix अप्. The form would have been the same, but there would be difference of accent. See Rig. I.112.21, and Yaj. XI.2.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.