3.3.125
खनो घ च
Operational rule vidhi
The affix घ as well as घञ् come after the verb खन् 'to dig' when the word to be formed is an appellative related to the verb as an instrument or location.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context खनः pañcamī · ekavacanaWord Indeclinable च avyaya
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Word Case not marked in the source data.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
खनः च
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix घ as well as घञ् come after the verb खन् 'to dig' when the word to be formed is an appellative related to the verb as an instrument or location.
The affix घञ् has been read into the sutra by force of the word च । Thus आखानः or आखनः 'a spade, a hoe'.
Vart:- The affix ड also comes in this sense after the verb खन्. Thus आखन् + ड = आखः 'a spade'. The indicatory ड् showing that the final portion called टि should be elided.
Vart:- The affix डर also comes in the same sense; as आखरः 'a spade'.
Vart:- So also the affix इक्ः; as आखनिकः 'a spade'.
Vart:- So too the affix इकवक as आखनिकवकः 'a spade'.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.