3.2.71
मन्त्रे श्वेतवहोक्थशस्पुरोडाशो ण्विन्
Operational rule vidhi
In the मन्त्र literature,the affix णिवन् comes after the words 1. श्वेतवह 2.उक्थश 3. पुरोडाश् .
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context मन्त्रे saptamī · ekavacanaLeft context श्वेतवह- उक्थशस्- पुरोडाशः pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term ण्विन् prathamā · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Dotted words are technical terms, dashed ones pratyāhāras (names for classes of sounds or affixes). Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
मन्त्रे श्वेतवह-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
In the मन्त्र literature,the affix णिवन् comes after the words 1. श्वेतवह 2.उक्थश 3. पुरोडाश् ।
The above words contain both the verb and the upapada; the fact of their being so given indicates that there is some irregularity in the application of the affix.
Thus the affix ण्विन् comes after the verb वह् preceded by the upapada श्वेत as denoting an agent, while the force of the whole word so formed denotes an object. As श्वेता एनं वहन्ति = श्वेतवाह् nom. sing. श्वेतवाः 'a name of Indra' (whom white horses carry).
The affix ण्विन् is applied to the verb शंस् 'to praise' when preceded by the word उक्थ as object or instrument; and then the nasal is irregularly dropped. As उक्थानि उक्थैर्वा शंसति = उक्थशास्, nom. sing. उक्थशाः (Rig. Ved. II.39.1.) 'a reciter of hymns, the name of the sacrificer'.
The ण्विन् is applied after the verb दाशृ 'to give', preceded by पुरो, and द is changed into ड, the force of the whole word denoting an object. As पुरो दाशन्ति एनं = पुरोडाश्, nom. sing. पुरोडाः (Rig. Ved. III.28.2) 'an offering'.
Vart:--The augment उस् is added to the words श्वेतवाह् &c., when the pada affixes follow. Thus before pada terminations श्वेतवाह् becomes श्वेतवस् । Therefore its Instrumental dual is श्वेतवोभ्याम्, pl. श्वेतवोभिः ।
The augment उस् is not applied before सर्वनामस्थान and भ terminations. As श्वेतवाहौ, श्वेतवाहः ।
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.