3.1.137 पाघ्राध्माधेट्दृशः शः

Word by word (padaccheda)

Left context पा- घ्रा- ध्मा- धेट्- दृशः pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term ः prathamā · ekavacana

Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.

Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.

Pink letters are it-markers (anubandhas), tags dropped by 1.3.9. Hover or tap one for the rule that marks it, or try the it-letter finder.

Full reading

पा-घ्रा-ध्मा-धेट्-दृशः शः

Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.

Commentary

The affix श (अ) is used after the roots पा 'to drink', घ्रा 'to smell', ध्मा 'to blow' and धेट् 'to suck' and दृश् 'to see' when there is a preposition along with these roots.
Thus उत् + पा + शा = उत् + पिब् + अ 7.3.78 = उत्पिब nom. sing. उत्पिबः; so also विपिबः; उज्जिघ्रः and विजिघ्रः । उत् + ध्मा + श = उत् + धम्+ अ = 7.3.78; उद्धमः; विधमः; उत् + धे + श = उद्धयः; विधयः; so also उत् + दृश् + शा = उत्पश्यः, 7.3.78. so also विपश्यः;

Some commentators do not read the word 'upasarga' into this sutra. According to them the forms like पश्यः &c., can be formed also.

The affix श, of which श् is indicatory, the real affix being अ, causes the root to undergo all those changes, which it undergoes in special tenses; for it is a sarvadhatuka affix there; see sutra 3.4.113 and 7.3.78.

Vart:- Prohibition must be stated of the root घ्रा, when the word to be formed is a name. As वि + आ + घ्रा + क = व्याघ्रः 'tiger' (an animal that goes about smelling). Here there is क and not the affix श.

Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.