2.4.36
अदो जग्धिर्ल्यप्ति किति
Operational rule vidhi
The word जग्धि is the substitute of अद् 'to eat', when the affix ल्यप् -- समासेऽनञ्पूर्वे क्त्वो ल्यप् (7.1.37) or an आर्धधातुक कित् affix beginning with a त follows.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Target अदः ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term जग्धिः prathamā · ekavacanaWord ल्यप् Right context ति saptamī · ekavacanaRight context किति saptamī · ekavacana
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Word Case not marked in the source data.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
अदः जग्धिः ल्यप् ति किति
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
अदः → जग्धिः / ति किति
Replace adaḥ with jagdhiḥ when ti kiti follows. Inherited words (anuvṛtti) may add further conditions.
Commentary
The word जग्धि is the substitute of अद् 'to eat', when the affix ल्यप् -- समासेऽनञ्पूर्वे क्त्वो ल्यप् 7.1.37 or an आर्धधातुक कित् affix beginning with a त follows.
प्रजग्ध्य 'Having eaten.' (प्र + अद् + ल्यप् = प्र + जग्ध् + य). So also जग्ध 'eaten' (अद् + क्त =जग्ध् + त).
The इ in जग्धि is merely for the sake of articulation and is not an anubandha, otherwise there would have been the insertion of the nasal न (नुम्). So also the इ in वचि &c, is merely for the sake of articulation. But अद् + क्त = अन्नः 'food' is an irregularity.
The employment of ल्यप् in this sutra indicates the existence of this Paribhasha. 'A bahiranga substitution of ल्यप् supersedes even antaranga rules.' Because in case this maxim did not exist, the substitution of जग्ध् for अद् before ल्यप् which is taught in this sutra, would follow already from the word किति (before that which is distinguished by an indicatory क) in this rule, i. e., जग्ध् would (by maxim 'that which is bahiranga is regarded as not having taken effect, or as not existing, when that which is antaranga has taken effect') first be substituted for अद् before क्त and ल्यप् afterwards for क्त.
Why do we say 'before affixes beginning with त'? Observe अद्यते 'is eaten.'
Why do we say 'before affixes having indicatory क'? Observe अत्तव्यम्.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.