1.3.21
क्रीडोऽनुसम्परिभ्यश्च
Operational rule vidhi
When any of the उपसर्गs - आङ् , अनु, सम or परि - is attached to the verb 'क्रीड्', it gets the प्रत्ययाः of आत्मनेपद.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context क्रीडः pañcamī · ekavacanaLeft context अनु- सम्- परिभ्यः pañcamī · bahuvacanaIndeclinable च avyaya
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
क्रीडः अनु- सम्- परिभ्यः च
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
After the verb क्रीड 'to play', preceded by अनु , सम् , or परि as well as आङ्, the आत्मनेपद affix is used.
The words "आङ्" is to be read into the sutra by virtue of the conjunction च in the text. As आक्रीडते संक्रीडते अनुक्रीडते, or परिक्रीडते 'he plays.'
Vart:- When the verb क्रीड् compounded with सम् means 'to make a rattling or creaking noise,' it does not take atmanepada terminations. As संक्रीडन्ति शकटानि 'the carts rattle or creak.' The word anu, pari &c., being taught along with sam, indicates that the upasargas anu, pari, &c., are to be taken and not the karmapravachaniya anu pari, &c. Therefore, when these prefixes are used as karmapravachaniya, they do not cause the verb क्रीड् to take the atmanepada terminations as माणवकमनुक्रीडति 'he plays in imitation of the boy.' For the definition and action of karmapravachaniya, see. 1.4.83 and 2.3.8.
Vart:- The verb आगम् takes the atmanepada terminations when meaning 'to wait for', 'to overlook', 'to have patience', as, आगमयस्व तावन् माणवकम् । 'Have patience with the boy.'
Vart:- The verb शिक्ष takes atmanepada terminations, when meaning 'to enquire':- as, विद्यासु शिक्षते 'he investigates sciences.'
Vart:- The verb नाथ् when meaning 'to bless,' takes atmanepada terminations, as, सर्पिषो नाथते 'he blesses with clarified butter.' मधुनो नाथते । Why do we say 'when meaning to bless'? Observe, माणवकमनुनाथति, 'he begs of Manavaka.'
Vart:- The verb हरति takes atmanepada terminations when meaning 'to take after the nature of the parents.' As पैतृकमश्वा अनुहरते 'the horses resemble their father.' मातृकं गावोऽनुहरन्ते 'the cows always imitate their mother.' But when not having this meaning, we have मातुरनुहरति 'he resembles his mother.'
Vart:- The verb किरति takes atmanepada terminations when meaning 'to scratch out or scatter with joy, for abode or food.' As अपस्किरते वृषभो हृष्टः 'the happy bull scratches with joy.' अपस्किरते कुक्कुटो भक्षार्थी 'the cock scratches in search of food,' अपस्किरते श्वाऽऽश्रयार्थी 'the dog scratches to make his abode.' When not having these senses we have अपकिरति कुसुमम् 'he scatters about the flowers.' The dental स in apaskirate is added by sutra 6.1.142. अपाच्चतुष्पाच्छकुनिष्वालेखने ॥
Vart:- The verbs नु 'to cry' and प्रच्छ 'to ask' take the atmanepada terminations when preceded by the preposition आङ्, as आनुते शृगालः 'the jackal howls,' आपृच्छते गुरुम् 'he questions the Guru.'
Vart:- The verb शप् when meaning 'to touch the body by the word' takes atmanepada affixes. As देवदत्ताय शपते 'he promises by oath to Devadatta.' Otherwise we have शपति 'he curses.'
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.