8.3.35
शर्परे विसर्जनीयः
Operational rule vidhi
A विसर्ग is converted to विसर्ग if it is followed by a खर् letter after which a शर् letter is present.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context शर्परे saptamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term विसर्जनीयः prathamā · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Dotted words are technical terms, dashed ones pratyāhāras (names for classes of sounds or affixes). Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
शर्परे विसर्जनीयः
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The विसर्ग is the substitute when it is followed by a hard consonant (खर्) which itself is followed by a sibilant (शर्).
The word शर्परे is a Bahuvrihi, meaning that which is followed by शर् ॥ In other words, when a sibilant follows a hard consonant, the preceding visarga remains unchanged. Thus शशाः क्षुरम्, पुरुषः क्षुरम्, अद्भिः प्साताम्, वासः क्षौमम्, पुरुषः त्सरुः, घनाघनः क्षोभणश्चर्षणीनाम् ॥
Though the sutra could have been shortened by saying शर्परे न; yet the longer form is used, in order to indicate that the jihvamuliya and upadhmaniya changes also do not take place, in cases like अद्भिः प्साताम्, वासः क्षौमम् ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.