8.3.15
खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः
Operational rule vidhi
A र् present at end of a पद is converted to a विसर्ग when it is either followed by nothing, or when it is followed by a खर् letter in the context of संहिता.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context - saptamī · dvivacanaSubstitute / term विसर्जनीयः prathamā · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Dotted words are technical terms, dashed ones pratyāhāras (names for classes of sounds or affixes). Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
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Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The विसर्जनीय is substituted for र् before a खर् consonant or when there is a Pause.
The word रः is understood. The visarga is the substitute of र् final in a Pada, before surd consonants and sibilants, or at a Pause.
Thus वृक्षश्छादयति 8.3.34, 8.4.40, प्लक्षश्छादयति, वृक्षस्तरति, प्लक्षस्तरति, वृक्षष्ठकारः, वृक्षष्टीकते, प्लक्षष्टीकते, वृक्षश्चिनोति, प्लक्षश्चिनोति ॥ Pause:- वृक्षः; प्लक्षः ॥
Who do we say "before a खर् consonant or at a Pause"? Observe अग्निर्नयति, वायुर्नयति, नार्कुटः (नृ कुढ्यां भवः), नार्पत्यः (नृपतेरपत्यं) ॥ In these two latter, the Vriddhi being considered as Bahiranga, and the र् being the result of such Bahiranga Vriddhi, is asiddha, and is consequently not changed to visarga.
The word पदस्य is understood here, and the genitive should be consrued here as sthana-sashthi, so that for the final र् of a Pada there is visarga, and not for that र् which is not final.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.