7.4.14

न कपि

Operational rule vidhi

But before the समासान्त affix कप् coming after बहुव्रीहि समास , the अण् vowels are not shortened.

Word by word (padaccheda)

Indeclinable न avyayaRight context कपि saptamī · ekavacana
  • Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
  • Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").

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Full reading

न कपि

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Commentary

But before the समासान्त affix कप् coming after बहुव्रीहि समास , the अण् vowels are not shortened.
As बहुकुमारीकः, बहुवृषलीकः, बहुवधूकः, बहुलक्ष्मीकः ॥ The shortening ordained by 1.2.48 even does not operate when कप् follows.
For had there been upasarjana shortening 1.2.48, the present sutra would be useless. Therefore, the very existence of this sutra debars every sort of shortening. Objection: The present sutra would not be useless, for it will find scope where there is no shortening of the upasarjana by 1.2.48: namely before non-feminine affixes, as बहुयवागूकः; but there should be shortening in feminine affixes. Answer: The shortening of 1.2.48 will not take place before कप् affix. Because the कप् affix will first be added to the second member in the sense of the compound, and then the word so ending in कप् will be compounded with the first member. So there is no pratipadika left which ends in a feminine affix, and therefore 1.2.48, does not apply, because the pratipadika now left is one ending in the affix कप् and not in a feminine affix.

Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.

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