7.4.13
केऽणः
Operational rule vidhi
Before the affix क the preceding आ , ई and ऊ are shortened.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context के saptamī · ekavacanaTarget ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
Dotted words are technical terms, dashed ones pratyāhāras (names for classes of sounds or affixes). Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
के
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
Before the affix क the preceding आ , ई and ऊ are shortened.
As ज्ञका, 7.3.47 कुमारिका, किशोरिका, ब्रह्मबन्धुका ॥ Why आ, ई and ऊ only? Observe गोका, नौका ॥ The words राका, धाका are irregular being formed by Unadi diversity, with the affix क added to रा and धा (Unadi Ill. 40). By the following sutra, the rule does not apply to the affix कप्; it therefore implies that कन् is governed by this rule, though it has the anubandha न् ॥ Katyayana would confine this rule to the Taddhita क, and not the krit क of the Unadi, as राका, धाका; but Unadi words are not derivatives (उणादयोऽव्युत्पन्नानि प्रातिपदिकानि), and hence no necessity of reading Taddhita into the sutra.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.