7.3.117
इदुद्भ्याम्
Operational rule vidhi
The ङि-प्रत्यय gets आमादेश when it comes after a ह्रस्व-इकारान्त or ह्रस्व-उकारान्त नदीसंज्ञक word.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context इदुद्भ्याम् pañcamī · dvivacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
इदुद्भ्याम्
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
After all the feminine नदी -- यू स्त्र्याख्यौ नदी 1.4.3 etc., words ending in a short इ and उ , आम् is substituted for the इ of the Locative -7th case singular.
As कृत्याम्, धेन्वाम् ॥ See (1.4. 6).
The word नदी is understood here also. Objection: If this be so, it is not a really separate sutra, because it is included in the last, and these forms could be obtained by the last sutra: so that we ought to make only one sutra of 117 and 118, as इदुद्भ्यामौत् ॥ Answer: We could not have done so, for then in the case of कृति and धेनु, the औ would have come and not आ, in this way. The आम् would have found scope in nadi words like कुमार्याम्, the औ would have undisputed scope in पत्यौ and सख्यौ; but in the case of कृति when getting the designation नदी the औ would have come, being subsequently taught, and the form would have been कृत्यौ instead of कृत्याम् ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.