7.2.41

इट् सनि वा

Operational rule vidhi

The Desiderative स् may optionally take इट् (which is optionally lengthened also) after the said after वृ and ॠ ending roots.

Word by word (padaccheda)

Substitute / term इट् prathamā · ekavacanaRight context सनि saptamī · ekavacanaIndeclinable वा avyaya
  • Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
  • Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
  • Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".

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Full reading

इट् सनि वा

Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.

Commentary

The Desiderative स् may optionally take इट् (which is optionally lengthened also) after the said after वृ and ॠ ending roots.
As वुवूर्षति । विवरिषते । विवरीषते । प्रावुवूर्षति । प्राविवरिषति । प्राविवरीषति । ॠकारान्तेभ्यः । तितीर्षति । तितरिषति । तितरीषति । आसिस्तीर्षति । This Parasmaipada form is not valid, according to Padamanjari. आतिस्तरिषति । आतिस्तरीषति । सनि ग्रहगुहश्चेत इट्प्रतिषेधे प्राप्ते पक्षे इडागमो विधीयते । इटश्च वॄतो वेति पक्षेदीर्घः । चिकीर्षति जिहीर्षति इत्यत्रोपदेशोधिकाराल्लाक्षणिकत्वाच्च इडागमो न भवति ॥

The इट् was prohibited by 7.2.12, in case of the Desideratives, hence this sutra : when इट् is added, it may be lengthened by 7.2.38. The augment इट् however is not added in चिकीर्षति and जिहीर्षति, as they are formed from कृ 'to do' and हृ 'to lose', which do not take इट् at all. Because here, though the short ऋ is lengthened before सम्, by 6.4.16, yet such lengthening will not make the roots long ॠ ending roots. Because the anuvritti of the word upadesa is understood here from 7.2.10, so that the rule applies to those roots only which in upadesa' or Dhatupatha end in long ॠ and not those whose ॠ is lengthened by some Grammatical rule. Moreover, the long ॠ in कृ and हृ is temporary only, as it is replaced by long ई ॥ (See 6.4.16, for lengthening). The Desiderative of कॄ - चिकरिषति, however, does not lengthen its vowel 7.2.75.

Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.

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