6.4.56
ल्यपि लघुपूर्वात्
Operational rule vidhi
अय् is substituted for the इ of णि before the Absolutive affix ल्यप् when the vowel preceding the इ is light.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context ल्यपि saptamī · ekavacanaLeft context लघुपूर्वात् pañcamī · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
ल्यपि लघुपूर्वात्
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
अय् is substituted for the इ of णि before the Absolutive affix ल्यप् when the vowel preceding the इ is light.
Thus प्रशमय्य गतः, संदमय्य गतः, प्रवेभिदय्य, प्रगणय्य ॥ But प्रपात्य गतः the vowel preceding the इ being long. Here 6.4.51 applies. The shortening, the elision of य and the elision of अ should not be considered as asiddha, as their place of operation is not the same. Thus शम् + णिच् = शामि; this आ is shortened by 6.4.92, and we have शमि ॥ This shortening is not to be considered as asiddha, for if asiddha, there being no laghu purva, the present rule would not apply. Similarly वेभिद्य is the Intensive root, its य is elided by 6.4.49, this elision is not considered as asiddha, if it were asiddha, the इ of भि would not be laghu. Similarly the elision of अ in गण which is a root which ends in अ, (see Dhatupatha Churadi 309), is not considered as asiddha for similar reasons.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.