6.3.63
ङ्यापोः संज्ञाछन्दसोर्बहुलम्
Operational rule vidhi
The short is diversely substituted for the feminine affixes ई and आ (ङी and आप्) in a Name and in the छन्दस् (Vedas).
Word by word (padaccheda)
Target ङि- आपोः ṣaṣṭhī · dvivacanaRight context संज्ञा- छन्दसोः saptamī · dvivacanaSubstitute / term बहुलम् prathamā · ekavacana
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
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Full reading
ङि-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
ङि-
Replace ṅi-āpoḥ with bahulam when saṃjñā-chandasoḥ follows. Inherited words (anuvṛtti) may add further conditions.
Commentary
The short is diversely substituted for the feminine affixes ई and आ (ङी and आप्) in a Name and in the छन्दस् (Vedas).
As रेवतिपुत्रः, रोहिणिपुत्रः, भरणिपुत्रः ॥ Sometimes not, as नान्दीकरः, नान्दीघोषः, नान्दीविशालः ॥ So also in the Vedas, as कुमारिदारा, प्रदर्विदा; sometimes the shortening does not take place, as फाल्गुनीपौर्णमासी, जगतीछन्दः ॥ आप् ending words in Name: शिलवहम्, शिलप्रस्थम्; sometimes there is no shortening, as, लोमकागृहम्, लोमकाखण्डम् ॥ So also in the Vedas:- अजक्षीरेण जुहोति, ऊर्णम्रदा पृथिवीं विश्वधायसम् ॥ Sometimes there is no shortening, as, ऊर्णासूत्रेण कवयो वयन्ति ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.