6.3.43
घरूपकल्पचेलड्ब्रुवगोत्रमतहतेषु ङ्योऽनेकाचो ह्रस्वः
Operational rule vidhi
Before the affixes 1. तर 2. तम 3. रूप 4. कल्प 5. चेल (with the feminine affix ई) 6. ब्रुव 7. गोत्र 8 मत and 9. हत a word ending in the feminine affix ङी becomes short when the feminine consists of two or more syllables and has an equivalent and uniform masculine.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context - रूप- कल्प- चेलट्- ब्रूव- - मत- हतेषु saptamī · bahuvacanaTarget ङ्यः ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaTarget अनेकाचः ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term prathamā · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
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Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
ङ्यः अनेकाचः → / -
Replace ṅyaḥ anekācaḥ with hrasvaḥ when gha-rūpa-kalpa-celaṭ-brūva-gotra-mata-hateṣu follows. Inherited words (anuvṛtti) may add further conditions.
Commentary
Before the affixes 1. तर 2. तम 3. रूप 4. कल्प 5. चेल (with the feminine affix ई) 6. ब्रुव 7. गोत्र 8 मत and 9. हत a word ending in the feminine affix ङी becomes short when the feminine consists of two or more syllables and has an equivalent and uniform masculine.
Thus घ-ब्राह्मणितरा, ब्राह्मणितमा ब्राह्मणिरूपा, ब्राह्मणिकल्पा, ब्राह्मणिचेली, ब्राह्मणिब्रुवा ब्राह्मणिगोत्रा, ब्राह्मणिमता and ब्राह्मणिहता ॥ घ, रूप and कल्प are affixes, चेलड् &c are words as second members; ब्रुवः is formed by अच् 3.1.134 added to ब्रू, guna and वच substitution being prevented anomalously. Why do we say ending in ई (ङी)? Observe दत्तातरा, गुप्तातरा ॥ Why do we say consisting of more than one syllable ? Because words of one syllable optionally become shortened by the next rule. Why do we say having a corresponding masculine? Observe आमलकीतरा कुवलीतरा, where आमलकी and कुवली have no equivalent masculine forms.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.