6.3.39
वृद्धिनिमित्तस्य च तद्धितस्यारक्तविकारे
Extension atideśa उत्तरपदाधिकारे पुंवद्भावातिदेशः
The feminine is not changed into masculine when it is formed by such a तद्धित affix which causes the वृद्धि of the first syllable with exception however of तद्धित-substitute meaning 'coloured therewith' and 'made thereof'.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Target वृद्धिनिमित्तस्य ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaIndeclinable च avyayaTarget ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaRight context अ- रक्तविकारे saptamī · ekavacana
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
वृद्धिनिमित्तस्य च अ-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The feminine is not changed into masculine when it is formed by such a तद्धित affix which causes the वृद्धि of the first syllable with exception however of तद्धित-substitute meaning 'coloured therewith' and 'made thereof'.
Thus स्रौघ्नीभार्यः, माथुरीभार्यः, स्रौघ्नीपाशा, माथुरीपाशा, स्रौघ्नीयते, माथुरीयते, स्रौघ्नीमानिनी and माथुरीमानिनी ॥
Why do we says 'which causes Vriddhi'? Observe मध्यमभार्यः (मध्ये भवा = मध्यमा formed by the affix म 4.3.8 which does not cause Vriddhi). Why do we say 'of a Taddhita'? Observe काण्डलावभार्यः (काण्डं लुनाति = काण्डलावी with अण् (कर्मण्यण्) and ङीप्). Why do we say when not meaning 'colored there with' or 'made thereof'? Observe कषायेण रक्ता = काषायी, काषायी वृहतिका यस्य = काषायवृहतिकः, लोहस्य विकारोलौही लौही ईषा यस्य स्थस्य = लोहेषः 4.3.134. The word वृद्धिनिमित्तस्य should be explained as a Bahuvrihi, and not a Tatpurusha, i. e. a taddhita affix, in which there is an element like ण् or ञ् or क् &c which causes Vriddhi. Therefore this exception does not apply to तावद्भार्यः यावद्भार्यः (तावती भार्या यस्य &c). Here the affix वतुप् 5.2.39 added to तद् does not cause Vriddhi by its own force, but by 6.3.91.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.