6.1.123
अवङ् स्फोटायनस्य
Operational rule vidhi
In the context of संहिता, The पदसंज्ञक गो word when followed by a स्वर gets an अवङ् आदेश optionally.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Substitute / term अवङ् prathamā · ekavacanaTarget स्फोटायनस्य ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacana
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
Dotted words are technical terms, dashed ones pratyāhāras (names for classes of sounds or affixes). Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
अवङ् स्फोटायनस्य
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
स्फोटायनस्य → अवङ्
Replace sphoṭāyanasya with avaṅ. Inherited words (anuvṛtti) may add further conditions.
Commentary
According to the opinion of स्फोटायन , there is the substitution of अवङ् for the ओ of गो when it is followed by any vowel.
The anuvritti of अति ceases, that of आर्च manifests itself. Thus गो + अग्र = गवाग्रम्, so also गवाजिनम्, गवौदनम्, गवोष्ट्रम्, or in the alternative we have गोऽग्रम्, गोऽजिनम्, गवोदनम्, गवुष्ट्रम् ॥ The substitute अवङ् is accutely accented on the first syllable. This accent will be the original accent in the Bahuvrihi compound 6.2.1. Thus गावा अग्रमस्य = गवाग्रः ॥ In other places, however, this accent will be superseded by the samasanta Udatta accent 6.1.223 The mention of Sphotayana is for the sake of respect, for the anuvritti of विभाषा was already understood in it. This is a vyavasthita vibhasha, hence in गवाक्षः the अवङ् substitution is compulsory and not optional.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.