6.1.109
एङः पदान्तादति
Operational rule vidhi
If a पदान्त ए / ओ letter is followed by a ह्रस्व अकार, then both of them combine to form a पूर्वरूप एकादेश.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context pañcamī · ekavacanaLeft context पदान्तात् pañcamī · ekavacanaRight context अति saptamī · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
Dotted words are technical terms, dashed ones pratyāhāras (names for classes of sounds or affixes). Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
पदान्तात् अति
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
In the room of ए or ओ final in a पद , and the short अ , which follows it, is substituted the single vowel of the form of the first (ए or ओ)।
Thus अग्ने + अत्र = अग्नेऽत्र, वायो + अत्र = वायोऽत्र ॥ This supersedes the substitutes अय् and अव् ॥ Why do we say 'of ए or ओ'? Observe दध्यत्र, मध्यत्र ॥ Why do we say 'final in a Pada'? Observe चे + अन = चयनम्, लो + अन = लवनम् ॥ Here the ए or ओ are in the body of the word, and not at the end of a word. Why do we say "when followed by a short अ"? Observe वायो + इति = वायविति, भानो + इति = भानविति ॥ Why do we say 'short'? Observe वायो आयाहि = वायवायाहि ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.