4.3.7
ग्रामजनपदैकदेशादञ्ठञौ
Operational rule vidhi
The affixes अञ् and ठञ् come in the remaining senses after the word अर्द्ध preceded by a word denoting direction when a particular portion of a village or an inhabited country.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context ग्राम- जनपद- एकदेशात् pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term अ - औ prathamā · dvivacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
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Full reading
ग्राम-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affixes अञ् and ठञ् come in the remaining senses after the word अर्द्ध preceded by a word denoting direction when a particular portion of a village or an inhabited country.
The phrase दिकपूर्वपदात् is to be read into the sutra. This debars यत् ॥ Thus इमे खल्वस्माकं ग्रामस्य जनपदस्य वा पौर्वार्धाः or पौर्वार्धिकाः "Those verily belong to the eastern half of our village or country". So also दाक्षिणार्धाः or दाक्षिणार्धिकाः ॥ The word पौर्वार्द्धाः = ग्रामस्य पूर्वस्मिन्नर्द्धे भवाः and is a Taddhitartha compound.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.