3.4.72

गत्यर्थाकर्मकश्लिषशीङ्स्थाऽऽसवसजनरुहजीर्यतिभ्यश्च

Operational rule vidhi

The affix क्त is used in denoting the agent as well as the act and the object after verbs implying motion after intransitive roots and after the verbs 1. श्लिष् 'to embrace' 2. शि 'to lie down' 3. स्था 'to stand' 4. आस् 'to sit' 5. वस् 'to dwell' 6. जन् 'to produce' 7. रुह् 'to mount' 8. जृ 'to grow old'.

Word by word (padaccheda)

Left context गत्यर्थ- अकर्मक- श्लिष- शीङ्- स्था- आस- वस- जन- रुह- जीर्यतिभ्यः pañcamī · bahuvacanaIndeclinable च avyaya
  • Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
  • Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".

Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.

Full reading

गत्यर्थ-अकर्मक-श्लिष-शीङ्-स्था-आस-वस-जन-रुह-जीर्यतिभ्यः च

Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.

Commentary

The affix क्त is used in denoting the agent as well as the act and the object after verbs implying motion after intransitive roots and after the verbs 1. श्लिष् 'to embrace' 2. शि 'to lie down' 3. स्था 'to stand' 4. आस् 'to sit' 5. वस् 'to dwell' 6. जन् 'to produce' 7. रुह् 'to mount' 8. जृ 'to grow old'.
The phrase 'the act and the object' has been added into the sutra by virtue of the word च. Thus गतो देवदत्तो ग्रामम् 'Devadatta is gone to the village' (agent); देवदत्तेन ग्रामः गतः 'the village was gone to by Devadatta (object); गतं देवदत्तेन 'Devadatta went' (act). The past participle forms from Intransitive verbs, denote the agent and the act only; or in other words, they are used impersonally and in the Active voice, but never in the Passive voice or denoting the object. Thus ग्लानो भवान् 'you were wearied' (agent), ग्लानं भवता (object); आसितो भवान् 'you sat' (agent), आसितं भवता (object); उपश्लिष्टो गुरुम् भवान् 'you embraced the teacher' (agent), उपश्लिष्टो गुरुः भवता 'the guru was embraced by you' (object), उपश्लिष्टम् भवता 'you embraced' (act); उपशयितो गुरुम् भवान् 'you lay near the guru' (agent), उपशयितो गुरुः भवता (object), उपशयितं भवता (act); उपस्थितो गुरुम् भवान् (agent), उपस्थितो गुरुः भवता (object), उपस्थितं भवता (act); उपासितो गुरुम् भवान् (agent), उपासितो गुरुः भवता (object), उपासितं भवता (act); अनूषितो गुरुम् भवान् (agent), अनूषितो गुरुः भवता (object), अनूषितं भवता (act); अनुजातो माणवको माणविकाम् (agent), अनुजाता माणवकेन माणविका (object), अनुजातं माणवकेन (act); आरूढो वृक्षं भवान् (agent), आरूढो वृक्षो भवता (object), आरूढं भवता (act); अनुजीर्णो वृषलीं देवदत्तः (agent), अनुजीर्णा वृषली देवदत्तेन (object), अनुजीर्णं देवदत्तेन (act). The verbs श्लिष् &c, become transitive with certain prepositions or upasargas, hence they have been mentioned here. Otherwise there was no necessity of mentioning them separately; as they, being intransitive verbs, when without prepositions, would be included in the word akarmaka of the sutra.

Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.

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